# This is a comment.
# Use them to write short notes and descriptions in your code.

c = 10
'''
Multi-line comments can be done like this, but not recommended.
a = 10
b = 30
c = a + b
'''
print(c)

1+2   # this won't be printed
3*4   # this will be printed

print(1+2)
print(3*4)

1+2;
3*4;

flag = True     # boolean variable
clid = 370      # integer variable
temp = 25.1     # float variable
dept = 'EE'     # string variable

type(flag), type(clid), type(temp), type(dept)

print(flag)
print(clid)
print(temp)
print(dept)

( 2 * clid + 10 ) % 4

print(7/2)    # true division
print(7//2)   # floor division

temp_in_f = 1.8 * temp + 32
print(temp_in_f)

1j*1j

a = 3+4j
print (a.real)
print (a.imag)
print (a.conjugate())
print (abs(a))

num1 = temp_in_f
print(num1)

num1 += 10    # add and reassign
print(num1)

num1 -= 10    # subtract and reassign
print(num1)

num1 *= 2     # multiply and reassign
print(num1)

num1 /= 2     # divide and reassign
print(num1)

num2 = 77

print(num1 == num2)  # should be False

print(num1 != num2)  # should be True

print(num1 < num2)   # should be False

print(num1 >= num2)  # should be True

5 > 3 > 4

5 > 3 < 4 == 1 + 3

t, f = True, False
type(t)

print(t and f) # Logical AND;
print(t or f)  # Logical OR;
print(not t)   # Logical NOT;
print(t != f)  # Logical XOR;

print(t & f) # Logical AND;
print(t | f)  # Logical OR;
print(not(t))   # Logical NOT;

2*dept

dept + ' stands for Electronic Engineering'

# classname = dept + clid    # attempt to add a string and an integer

classname = dept + repr(clid)
print(classname)

classid = f'The class ID for Software Lab is {dept}{clid}.'
print(classid)

classid.capitalize()

classid.upper()

classid.lower()

classid.replace('EE', 'CS')

a = [1,3,4,8,2,5,9,7,6]   # this is a list
print(a)

type(a)

len(a)

a*2

a+a

a

a[0]   # accessing the first element

a[-1]   # accessing the last element

a[1:6:1]   # accessing the elements from index 1 up to (but not including) index 6, with step size of 1

a[1:6:]

a[1:6]

a[1:6:2]   # accessing the elements from index 1 up to (but not including) index 6, with steps specified by 2

a[::]

a[::3]

a[2::3]

b = [1,3,'four',8]
print(b)

a = range(0,10,1)
list(a)

a = range(10)
list(a)

a = range(3,20)
list(a)

a = range(3,20,2)
list(a)

a = range(0,100,7)

for i in a:
    i_squared = i*i
    print(i_squared)

value = 9

# Controlling what happens next with if-elif-else
if (value < 5):
    explanation = 'less than 5'
    value = 10
elif (value == 5):
    explanation = 'equal to 5'
    value = 15
else:
    explanation = 'greater than 5'
    value = 20

print(value) # what should this be?
print(explanation)

i = 0
while (i<100):
    print(i**2)
    i += 7

def sign(x):        # this defines sign() function
    if x >= 0:
        return 1
    else:
        return -1

for x in range(-5,5):
    print(x, sign(x), x*sign(x))

sqr = lambda x: x**2   # this defines sqr() function

for x in range(-5,5):
    print(x,sqr(x))