#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8

# # Coordinate Systems

# ## Preparation

# In[1]:


import pandas as pd

from lets_plot import *
from lets_plot.geo_data import *
LetsPlot.setup_html()


# In[2]:


mpg = pd.read_csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/JetBrains/lets-plot-docs/master/data/mpg.csv")
mpg.head()


# In[3]:


states_gdf = geocode_states().scope("UK").get_boundaries(6)
states_gdf.head()


# ## Cartesian Coordinates
# 
# Typical use case: changing limits of axes.

# In[4]:


p = ggplot(mpg, aes("cty", "hwy")) + geom_point()
p1 = p + ggtitle("Default")
p2 = p + coord_cartesian(xlim=[10, 30], ylim=[10, 40]) + ggtitle("With coord_cartesian()")

bunch = GGBunch()
bunch.add_plot(p1, 0, 0, 500, 375)
bunch.add_plot(p2, 500, 0, 500, 375)
bunch.show()


# ## Polar Coordinates
# 
# Typical use case: for pie charts and polar plots.

# In[5]:


p = ggplot(mpg, aes("cty", "hwy")) + geom_point()
p1 = p + ggtitle("Default")
p2 = p + coord_polar() + ggtitle("With coord_polar()")

bunch = GGBunch()
bunch.add_plot(p1, 0, 0, 500, 375)
bunch.add_plot(p2, 500, 0, 500, 375)
bunch.show()


# ## Fixed Coordinates
# 
# Typical use case: stretching a plot along one of the axes.

# In[6]:


p = ggplot(mpg, aes("cty", "hwy")) + geom_point()
p1 = p + ggtitle("Default")
p2 = p + coord_fixed(ratio=1) + ggtitle("With coord_fixed()")

bunch = GGBunch()
bunch.add_plot(p1, 0, 0, 500, 375)
bunch.add_plot(p2, 500, 0, 300, 375)
bunch.show()


# Fixing coordinates could be combined with changing limits as for `coord_cartesian()`.

# In[7]:


p = ggplot(mpg, aes("cty", "hwy")) + geom_point()
p1 = p + coord_fixed(ratio=1) + ggtitle("Stretching only")
p2 = p + coord_fixed(ratio=1, xlim=[10, 30], ylim=[10, 40]) + ggtitle("With changing limits")

bunch = GGBunch()
bunch.add_plot(p1, 0, 0, 300, 375)
bunch.add_plot(p2, 300, 0, 300, 375)
bunch.show()


# ## Flipping Coordinates

# In[8]:


p = ggplot(mpg, aes(x="fl")) + geom_bar()
p1 = p + ggtitle("Default")
p2 = p + coord_flip() + ggtitle("With coord_flip()")

bunch = GGBunch()
bunch.add_plot(p1, 0, 0, 500, 375)
bunch.add_plot(p2, 500, 0, 300, 375)
bunch.show()


# Flipping could also be combined with changing limits.

# In[9]:


p = ggplot(mpg, aes(x="fl")) + geom_bar()
p1 = p + coord_flip() + ggtitle("Flipping only")
p2 = p + coord_flip(ylim=[0, 300]) + ggtitle("With changing limits")

bunch = GGBunch()
bunch.add_plot(p1, 0, 0, 300, 375)
bunch.add_plot(p2, 300, 0, 300, 375)
bunch.show()


# Also you can add flipping as an option to other coordinate systems.

# In[10]:


p = ggplot(mpg, aes(x="fl")) + geom_bar()
p1 = p + coord_flip() + ggtitle("Flipping through coord_flip()")
p2 = p + coord_cartesian(flip=True) + ggtitle("Flipping through 'flip=True'")

bunch = GGBunch()
bunch.add_plot(p1, 0, 0, 300, 375)
bunch.add_plot(p2, 300, 0, 300, 375)
bunch.show()


# ## Map Coordinates
# 
# Typical use case: geospatial data.

# In[11]:


p = ggplot() + geom_polygon(aes(fill="state"), data=states_gdf)
p1 = p + ggtitle("Default")
p2 = p + coord_map() + ggtitle("With coord_map()")

bunch = GGBunch()
bunch.add_plot(p1, 0, 0, 500, 375)
bunch.add_plot(p2, 500, 0, 500, 375)
bunch.show()


# Parameters `xlim`, `ylim`, `flip` are also available for `coord_map()`.