#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8

# # 3 Python Standard Libraries
# 
# <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/github/rambasnet/FDSPython-Notebooks/blob/master/Ch03-2-Functions-Library.ipynb" target="_parent"><img src="https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg" alt="Open In Colab"/></a>
# 
# ## Topics
# - standard libraries
# - include and use libraries
# 
# ## 3.1 Standard libraries
# 
# - Python has several standard libraries (modules) you can readily import
# - one can use the names (functions and data/constants) defined in those imported modules
# - list of all the Python standard libraries:
# https://docs.python.org/3/library/index.html
# 
# - syntax
# 
# ```python
# # first import library
# import libraryName
# 
# # use data and functions provided by the library
# libraryName.data
# libraryName.function()
# ```

# ## 3.2 math library
# https://docs.python.org/3/library/math.html
# 
# - an important library that provides mathematical functions
# - run help(moduleName) to get more information about the module

# In[1]:


import math


# In[2]:


help(math)


# In[3]:


num = 10.5
# math.ceil(x) - return the ceiling (or round up) of x,
# the smallest integer greater than or equal to x
print(math.ceil(num))


# In[4]:


# math.floor(x)
# return the floor (or round down) of x, the largest integer less than or equal to x
print(math.floor(num))


# In[5]:


# math.gcd(a, b)
# return the greatest common divisor of the integers a and b
# if both and b are 0, returns 0
print(math.gcd(0, 0))
print(math.gcd(10, 20))


# In[6]:


# math.pow(x, y)
# returns x raised to the power y
print(math.pow(2, 10))


# In[7]:


# math.sqrt(x, y)
# returns the square root of x
print(math.sqrt(100))


# In[8]:


# math.radians(x)
# convert and return angle x in degrees to radians
rad = math.radians(90)


# In[9]:


# math.sin(x)
# return the sine of x radians
print(math.sin(rad))


# In[10]:


# Some constants/data defined in math module
math.pi


# In[11]:


math.inf


# In[12]:


math.e


# ## 3.3 Other common libraries
# - all Python libraries: https://docs.python.org/3/library/index.html
# - some libraries we'll use and you may want to explore more
# 
# - **os** - operating system related
# - **time** - time access and conversion
# - **random** - generate pseudo-random numbers
# - **sys** - system specific data and functions
# - **string** - common string operations and data

# In[ ]: