#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8

# # <center>Pandas Datetime [25 exercises with solution]</center>

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# Importing necessary libraries:

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd


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# Knowing about the csv file:

ufo_data = pd.read_csv('ufo.csv', index_col = 'Date_time', parse_dates = True)
ufo_data.head()


# ![UFO](https://www.w3resource.com/w3r_images/ufo.png)

# ![Column Name Description](https://i.imgur.com/UrE9JKv.png)

# ## 25 Exercises Solutions

# ### 1. Write a Pandas program to create the todays date.

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from datetime import date

now = pd.to_datetime(date.today())    # '2019-11-02 00:00:00'
date = str(now).split()[0]            # After split: ['2019-11-02', '00:00:00']
print('Today\'s Date->', date)


# ### 2. Write a Pandas program to calculate all the sighting days of the unidentified flying object (ufo) from current date.

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date_diff = (now - ufo_data.index).days    # difference of corresponding time in days
result = date_diff.to_frame(index = False, name='Diff in Days')
print(result)


# ### 3. Write a Pandas program to get the current date, oldest date and number of days between Current date and oldest date of Ufo dataset.

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# ### 4. Write a Pandas program to get all the sighting days of the unidentified flying object (ufo) which are less than or equal to 40 years (365*40 days).

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# ### 5. Write a Pandas program to get all the sighting days of the unidentified flying object (ufo) between 1950-10-10 and 1960-10-10.

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# ### 6. Write a Pandas program to get all the sighting years of the unidentified flying object (ufo) and create the year as column.

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# ### 7. Write a Pandas program to create a plot to present the number of unidentified flying object (UFO) reports per year.

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# ### 8. Write a Pandas program to extract year, month, day, hour, minute, second and weekday from unidentified flying object (UFO) reporting date.

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# ### 9. Write a Pandas program to convert given datetime to timestamp. 

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# ### 10. Write a Pandas program to count year-country wise frequency of reporting dates of unidentified flying object(UFO). 

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# ### 11. Write a Pandas program to extract unique reporting dates of unidentified flying object (UFO).

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# ### 12. Write a Pandas program to get the difference (in days) between documented date and reporting date of unidentified flying object (UFO).

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# ### 13. Write a Pandas program to add 100 days with reporting date of unidentified flying object (UFO). 

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# ### 14. Write a Pandas program to generate sequences of fixed-frequency dates and time spans.

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# ### 15. Write a Pandas program to create a conversion between strings and datetime.

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# ### 16. Write a Pandas program to manipulate and convert date times with timezone information.

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# ### 17. Write a Pandas program to get the average mean of the UFO (unidentified flying object) sighting was reported.

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# ### 18. Write a Pandas program to create a graphical analysis of UFO (unidentified flying object) Sightings year.

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# ### 19. Write a Pandas program to check the empty values of UFO (unidentified flying object) Dataframe.

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# ### 20. Write a Pandas program to create a plot of distribution of UFO (unidentified flying object) observation time.

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# ### 21. Write a Pandas program to create a graphical analysis of UFO (unidentified flying object) sighted by month.

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# ### 22. Write a Pandas program to create a comparison of the top 10 years in which the UFO was sighted vs the hours of the day.

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# ### 23. Write a Pandas program to create a comparison of the top 10 years in which the UFO was sighted vs each Month.

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# ### 24. Write a Pandas program to create a heatmap (rectangular data as a color-encoded matrix) for comparison of the top 10 years in which the UFO was sighted vs each Month. 

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# ### 25. Write a Pandas program to create a Timewheel of Hour Vs Year comparison of the top 10 years in which the UFO was sighted.

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# Data Sources: ufo_sighting_data.csv - [80,332 records] <br>
# Exercises data sources: ufo.csv - [347 random records from ufo_sighting_data.csv] <br>
# 
# Note there are no missing data in the columns (ufo.csv).
# 
# Source:
# - https://github.com/planetsig/ufo-reports 
# - https://www.kaggle.com/camnugent/ufo-sightings-around-the-world

# #### Reference: [https://www.w3resource.com/python-exercises/pandas/datetime/index.php](https://www.w3resource.com/python-exercises/pandas/datetime/index.php)