%%cpp -d
#include <cstdlib>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <string>

#include "TFile.h"
#include "TTree.h"
#include "TString.h"
#include "TSystem.h"
#include "TROOT.h"
#include "TStopwatch.h"

#include "TMVA/Tools.h"
#include "TMVA/Reader.h"
#include "TMVA/MethodCuts.h"

using namespace TMVA;

TString myMethodList = "";

TMVA::Tools::Instance();

std::map<std::string,int> Use;

Use["Cuts"]            = 1;
Use["CutsD"]           = 1;
Use["CutsPCA"]         = 0;
Use["CutsGA"]          = 0;
Use["CutsSA"]          = 0;

Use["Likelihood"]      = 1;
Use["LikelihoodD"]     = 0; // the "D" extension indicates decorrelated input variables (see option strings)
Use["LikelihoodPCA"]   = 1; // the "PCA" extension indicates PCA-transformed input variables (see option strings)
Use["LikelihoodKDE"]   = 0;
Use["LikelihoodMIX"]   = 0;

Use["PDERS"]           = 1;
Use["PDERSD"]          = 0;
Use["PDERSPCA"]        = 0;
Use["PDEFoam"]         = 1;
Use["PDEFoamBoost"]    = 0; // uses generalised MVA method boosting
Use["KNN"]             = 1; // k-nearest neighbour method

Use["LD"]              = 1; // Linear Discriminant identical to Fisher
Use["Fisher"]          = 0;
Use["FisherG"]         = 0;
Use["BoostedFisher"]   = 0; // uses generalised MVA method boosting
Use["HMatrix"]         = 0;

Use["FDA_GA"]          = 1; // minimisation of user-defined function using Genetics Algorithm
Use["FDA_SA"]          = 0;
Use["FDA_MC"]          = 0;
Use["FDA_MT"]          = 0;
Use["FDA_GAMT"]        = 0;
Use["FDA_MCMT"]        = 0;

Use["MLP"]             = 0; // Recommended ANN
Use["MLPBFGS"]         = 0; // Recommended ANN with optional training method
Use["MLPBNN"]          = 1; // Recommended ANN with BFGS training method and bayesian regulator
Use["CFMlpANN"]        = 0; // Depreciated ANN from ALEPH
Use["TMlpANN"]         = 0; // ROOT's own ANN
Use["DNN_CPU"] = 0;         // CUDA-accelerated DNN training.
Use["DNN_GPU"] = 0;         // Multi-core accelerated DNN.

Use["SVM"]             = 1;

Use["BDT"]             = 1; // uses Adaptive Boost
Use["BDTG"]            = 0; // uses Gradient Boost
Use["BDTB"]            = 0; // uses Bagging
Use["BDTD"]            = 0; // decorrelation + Adaptive Boost
Use["BDTF"]            = 0; // allow usage of fisher discriminant for node splitting

Use["RuleFit"]         = 1;

Use["Plugin"]          = 0;
Use["Category"]        = 0;
Use["SVM_Gauss"]       = 0;
Use["SVM_Poly"]        = 0;
Use["SVM_Lin"]         = 0;

std::cout << std::endl;
std::cout << "==> Start TMVAClassificationApplication" << std::endl;

if (myMethodList != "") {
   for (std::map<std::string,int>::iterator it = Use.begin(); it != Use.end(); it++) it->second = 0;

   std::vector<TString> mlist = gTools().SplitString( myMethodList, ',' );
   for (UInt_t i=0; i<mlist.size(); i++) {
      std::string regMethod(mlist[i]);

      if (Use.find(regMethod) == Use.end()) {
         std::cout << "Method \"" << regMethod
                   << "\" not known in TMVA under this name. Choose among the following:" << std::endl;
         for (std::map<std::string,int>::iterator it = Use.begin(); it != Use.end(); it++) {
            std::cout << it->first << " ";
         }
         std::cout << std::endl;
         return;
      }
      Use[regMethod] = 1;
   }
}

TMVA::Reader *reader = new TMVA::Reader( "!Color:!Silent" );

Float_t var1, var2;
Float_t var3, var4;
reader->AddVariable( "myvar1 := var1+var2", &var1 );
reader->AddVariable( "myvar2 := var1-var2", &var2 );
reader->AddVariable( "var3",                &var3 );
reader->AddVariable( "var4",                &var4 );

Float_t spec1,spec2;
reader->AddSpectator( "spec1 := var1*2",   &spec1 );
reader->AddSpectator( "spec2 := var1*3",   &spec2 );

Float_t Category_cat1, Category_cat2, Category_cat3;
if (Use["Category"]){
   // Add artificial spectators for distinguishing categories
   reader->AddSpectator( "Category_cat1 := var3<=0",             &Category_cat1 );
   reader->AddSpectator( "Category_cat2 := (var3>0)&&(var4<0)",  &Category_cat2 );
   reader->AddSpectator( "Category_cat3 := (var3>0)&&(var4>=0)", &Category_cat3 );
}

TString dir    = "dataset/weights/";
TString prefix = "TMVAClassification";

for (std::map<std::string,int>::iterator it = Use.begin(); it != Use.end(); it++) {
   if (it->second) {
      TString methodName = TString(it->first) + TString(" method");
      TString weightfile = dir + prefix + TString("_") + TString(it->first) + TString(".weights.xml");
      reader->BookMVA( methodName, weightfile );
   }
}

UInt_t nbin = 100;
TH1F *histLk(0);
TH1F *histLkD(0);
TH1F *histLkPCA(0);
TH1F *histLkKDE(0);
TH1F *histLkMIX(0);
TH1F *histPD(0);
TH1F *histPDD(0);
TH1F *histPDPCA(0);
TH1F *histPDEFoam(0);
TH1F *histPDEFoamErr(0);
TH1F *histPDEFoamSig(0);
TH1F *histKNN(0);
TH1F *histHm(0);
TH1F *histFi(0);
TH1F *histFiG(0);
TH1F *histFiB(0);
TH1F *histLD(0);
TH1F *histNn(0);
TH1F *histNnbfgs(0);
TH1F *histNnbnn(0);
TH1F *histNnC(0);
TH1F *histNnT(0);
TH1F *histBdt(0);
TH1F *histBdtG(0);
TH1F *histBdtB(0);
TH1F *histBdtD(0);
TH1F *histBdtF(0);
TH1F *histRf(0);
TH1F *histSVMG(0);
TH1F *histSVMP(0);
TH1F *histSVML(0);
TH1F *histFDAMT(0);
TH1F *histFDAGA(0);
TH1F *histCat(0);
TH1F *histPBdt(0);
TH1F *histDnnGpu(0);
TH1F *histDnnCpu(0);

if (Use["Likelihood"])    histLk      = new TH1F( "MVA_Likelihood",    "MVA_Likelihood",    nbin, -1, 1 );
if (Use["LikelihoodD"])   histLkD     = new TH1F( "MVA_LikelihoodD",   "MVA_LikelihoodD",   nbin, -1, 0.9999 );
if (Use["LikelihoodPCA"]) histLkPCA   = new TH1F( "MVA_LikelihoodPCA", "MVA_LikelihoodPCA", nbin, -1, 1 );
if (Use["LikelihoodKDE"]) histLkKDE   = new TH1F( "MVA_LikelihoodKDE", "MVA_LikelihoodKDE", nbin,  -0.00001, 0.99999 );
if (Use["LikelihoodMIX"]) histLkMIX   = new TH1F( "MVA_LikelihoodMIX", "MVA_LikelihoodMIX", nbin,  0, 1 );
if (Use["PDERS"])         histPD      = new TH1F( "MVA_PDERS",         "MVA_PDERS",         nbin,  0, 1 );
if (Use["PDERSD"])        histPDD     = new TH1F( "MVA_PDERSD",        "MVA_PDERSD",        nbin,  0, 1 );
if (Use["PDERSPCA"])      histPDPCA   = new TH1F( "MVA_PDERSPCA",      "MVA_PDERSPCA",      nbin,  0, 1 );
if (Use["KNN"])           histKNN     = new TH1F( "MVA_KNN",           "MVA_KNN",           nbin,  0, 1 );
if (Use["HMatrix"])       histHm      = new TH1F( "MVA_HMatrix",       "MVA_HMatrix",       nbin, -0.95, 1.55 );
if (Use["Fisher"])        histFi      = new TH1F( "MVA_Fisher",        "MVA_Fisher",        nbin, -4, 4 );
if (Use["FisherG"])       histFiG     = new TH1F( "MVA_FisherG",       "MVA_FisherG",       nbin, -1, 1 );
if (Use["BoostedFisher"]) histFiB     = new TH1F( "MVA_BoostedFisher", "MVA_BoostedFisher", nbin, -2, 2 );
if (Use["LD"])            histLD      = new TH1F( "MVA_LD",            "MVA_LD",            nbin, -2, 2 );
if (Use["MLP"])           histNn      = new TH1F( "MVA_MLP",           "MVA_MLP",           nbin, -1.25, 1.5 );
if (Use["MLPBFGS"])       histNnbfgs  = new TH1F( "MVA_MLPBFGS",       "MVA_MLPBFGS",       nbin, -1.25, 1.5 );
if (Use["MLPBNN"])        histNnbnn   = new TH1F( "MVA_MLPBNN",        "MVA_MLPBNN",        nbin, -1.25, 1.5 );
if (Use["CFMlpANN"])      histNnC     = new TH1F( "MVA_CFMlpANN",      "MVA_CFMlpANN",      nbin,  0, 1 );
if (Use["TMlpANN"])       histNnT     = new TH1F( "MVA_TMlpANN",       "MVA_TMlpANN",       nbin, -1.3, 1.3 );
if (Use["DNN_GPU"]) histDnnGpu = new TH1F("MVA_DNN_GPU", "MVA_DNN_GPU", nbin, -0.1, 1.1);
if (Use["DNN_CPU"]) histDnnCpu = new TH1F("MVA_DNN_CPU", "MVA_DNN_CPU", nbin, -0.1, 1.1);
if (Use["BDT"])           histBdt     = new TH1F( "MVA_BDT",           "MVA_BDT",           nbin, -0.8, 0.8 );
if (Use["BDTG"])          histBdtG    = new TH1F( "MVA_BDTG",          "MVA_BDTG",          nbin, -1.0, 1.0 );
if (Use["BDTB"])          histBdtB    = new TH1F( "MVA_BDTB",          "MVA_BDTB",          nbin, -1.0, 1.0 );
if (Use["BDTD"])          histBdtD    = new TH1F( "MVA_BDTD",          "MVA_BDTD",          nbin, -0.8, 0.8 );
if (Use["BDTF"])          histBdtF    = new TH1F( "MVA_BDTF",          "MVA_BDTF",          nbin, -1.0, 1.0 );
if (Use["RuleFit"])       histRf      = new TH1F( "MVA_RuleFit",       "MVA_RuleFit",       nbin, -2.0, 2.0 );
if (Use["SVM_Gauss"])     histSVMG    = new TH1F( "MVA_SVM_Gauss",     "MVA_SVM_Gauss",     nbin,  0.0, 1.0 );
if (Use["SVM_Poly"])      histSVMP    = new TH1F( "MVA_SVM_Poly",      "MVA_SVM_Poly",      nbin,  0.0, 1.0 );
if (Use["SVM_Lin"])       histSVML    = new TH1F( "MVA_SVM_Lin",       "MVA_SVM_Lin",       nbin,  0.0, 1.0 );
if (Use["FDA_MT"])        histFDAMT   = new TH1F( "MVA_FDA_MT",        "MVA_FDA_MT",        nbin, -2.0, 3.0 );
if (Use["FDA_GA"])        histFDAGA   = new TH1F( "MVA_FDA_GA",        "MVA_FDA_GA",        nbin, -2.0, 3.0 );
if (Use["Category"])      histCat     = new TH1F( "MVA_Category",      "MVA_Category",      nbin, -2., 2. );
if (Use["Plugin"])        histPBdt    = new TH1F( "MVA_PBDT",          "MVA_BDT",           nbin, -0.8, 0.8 );

if (Use["PDEFoam"]) {
   histPDEFoam    = new TH1F( "MVA_PDEFoam",       "MVA_PDEFoam",              nbin,  0, 1 );
   histPDEFoamErr = new TH1F( "MVA_PDEFoamErr",    "MVA_PDEFoam error",        nbin,  0, 1 );
   histPDEFoamSig = new TH1F( "MVA_PDEFoamSig",    "MVA_PDEFoam significance", nbin,  0, 10 );
}

TH1F *probHistFi(0), *rarityHistFi(0);
if (Use["Fisher"]) {
   probHistFi   = new TH1F( "MVA_Fisher_Proba",  "MVA_Fisher_Proba",  nbin, 0, 1 );
   rarityHistFi = new TH1F( "MVA_Fisher_Rarity", "MVA_Fisher_Rarity", nbin, 0, 1 );
}

TFile *input(0);
TString fname = "./tmva_class_example.root";
if (!gSystem->AccessPathName( fname )) {
   input = TFile::Open( fname ); // check if file in local directory exists
}
else {
   TFile::SetCacheFileDir(".");
   input = TFile::Open("http://root.cern/files/tmva_class_example.root", "CACHEREAD"); // if not: download from ROOT server
}
if (!input) {
   std::cout << "ERROR: could not open data file" << std::endl;
   exit(1);
}
std::cout << "--- TMVAClassificationApp    : Using input file: " << input->GetName() << std::endl;

std::cout << "--- Select signal sample" << std::endl;
TTree* theTree = (TTree*)input->Get("TreeS");
Float_t userVar1, userVar2;
theTree->SetBranchAddress( "var1", &userVar1 );
theTree->SetBranchAddress( "var2", &userVar2 );
theTree->SetBranchAddress( "var3", &var3 );
theTree->SetBranchAddress( "var4", &var4 );

Int_t    nSelCutsGA = 0;
Double_t effS       = 0.7;

std::vector<Float_t> vecVar(4); // vector for EvaluateMVA tests

std::cout << "--- Processing: " << theTree->GetEntries() << " events" << std::endl;
TStopwatch sw;
sw.Start();
for (Long64_t ievt=0; ievt<theTree->GetEntries();ievt++) {

   if (ievt%1000 == 0) std::cout << "--- ... Processing event: " << ievt << std::endl;

   theTree->GetEntry(ievt);

   var1 = userVar1 + userVar2;
   var2 = userVar1 - userVar2;

   // Return the MVA outputs and fill into histograms

   if (Use["CutsGA"]) {
      // Cuts is a special case: give the desired signal efficiency
      Bool_t passed = reader->EvaluateMVA( "CutsGA method", effS );
      if (passed) nSelCutsGA++;
   }

   if (Use["Likelihood"   ])   histLk     ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "Likelihood method"    ) );
   if (Use["LikelihoodD"  ])   histLkD    ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "LikelihoodD method"   ) );
   if (Use["LikelihoodPCA"])   histLkPCA  ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "LikelihoodPCA method" ) );
   if (Use["LikelihoodKDE"])   histLkKDE  ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "LikelihoodKDE method" ) );
   if (Use["LikelihoodMIX"])   histLkMIX  ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "LikelihoodMIX method" ) );
   if (Use["PDERS"        ])   histPD     ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "PDERS method"         ) );
   if (Use["PDERSD"       ])   histPDD    ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "PDERSD method"        ) );
   if (Use["PDERSPCA"     ])   histPDPCA  ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "PDERSPCA method"      ) );
   if (Use["KNN"          ])   histKNN    ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "KNN method"           ) );
   if (Use["HMatrix"      ])   histHm     ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "HMatrix method"       ) );
   if (Use["Fisher"       ])   histFi     ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "Fisher method"        ) );
   if (Use["FisherG"      ])   histFiG    ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "FisherG method"       ) );
   if (Use["BoostedFisher"])   histFiB    ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "BoostedFisher method" ) );
   if (Use["LD"           ])   histLD     ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "LD method"            ) );
   if (Use["MLP"          ])   histNn     ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "MLP method"           ) );
   if (Use["MLPBFGS"      ])   histNnbfgs ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "MLPBFGS method"       ) );
   if (Use["MLPBNN"       ])   histNnbnn  ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "MLPBNN method"        ) );
   if (Use["CFMlpANN"     ])   histNnC    ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "CFMlpANN method"      ) );
   if (Use["TMlpANN"      ])   histNnT    ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "TMlpANN method"       ) );
   if (Use["DNN_GPU"]) histDnnGpu->Fill(reader->EvaluateMVA("DNN_GPU method"));
   if (Use["DNN_CPU"]) histDnnCpu->Fill(reader->EvaluateMVA("DNN_CPU method"));
   if (Use["BDT"          ])   histBdt    ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "BDT method"           ) );
   if (Use["BDTG"         ])   histBdtG   ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "BDTG method"          ) );
   if (Use["BDTB"         ])   histBdtB   ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "BDTB method"          ) );
   if (Use["BDTD"         ])   histBdtD   ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "BDTD method"          ) );
   if (Use["BDTF"         ])   histBdtF   ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "BDTF method"          ) );
   if (Use["RuleFit"      ])   histRf     ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "RuleFit method"       ) );
   if (Use["SVM_Gauss"    ])   histSVMG   ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "SVM_Gauss method"     ) );
   if (Use["SVM_Poly"     ])   histSVMP   ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "SVM_Poly method"      ) );
   if (Use["SVM_Lin"      ])   histSVML   ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "SVM_Lin method"       ) );
   if (Use["FDA_MT"       ])   histFDAMT  ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "FDA_MT method"        ) );
   if (Use["FDA_GA"       ])   histFDAGA  ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "FDA_GA method"        ) );
   if (Use["Category"     ])   histCat    ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "Category method"      ) );
   if (Use["Plugin"       ])   histPBdt   ->Fill( reader->EvaluateMVA( "P_BDT method"         ) );

   // Retrieve also per-event error
   if (Use["PDEFoam"]) {
      Double_t val = reader->EvaluateMVA( "PDEFoam method" );
      Double_t err = reader->GetMVAError();
      histPDEFoam   ->Fill( val );
      histPDEFoamErr->Fill( err );
      if (err>1.e-50) histPDEFoamSig->Fill( val/err );
   }

   // Retrieve probability instead of MVA output
   if (Use["Fisher"])   {
      probHistFi  ->Fill( reader->GetProba ( "Fisher method" ) );
      rarityHistFi->Fill( reader->GetRarity( "Fisher method" ) );
   }
}

sw.Stop();
std::cout << "--- End of event loop: "; sw.Print();

if (Use["CutsGA"]) std::cout << "--- Efficiency for CutsGA method: " << double(nSelCutsGA)/theTree->GetEntries()
                             << " (for a required signal efficiency of " << effS << ")" << std::endl;

if (Use["CutsGA"]) {

   // test: retrieve cuts for particular signal efficiency
   TMVA::MethodCuts* mcuts = dynamic_cast<TMVA::MethodCuts*>(reader->FindMVA( "CutsGA method" ));

   if (mcuts) {
      std::vector<Double_t> cutsMin;
      std::vector<Double_t> cutsMax;
      mcuts->GetCuts( 0.7, cutsMin, cutsMax );
      std::cout << "--- -------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
      std::cout << "--- Retrieve cut values for signal efficiency of 0.7 from Reader" << std::endl;
      for (UInt_t ivar=0; ivar<cutsMin.size(); ivar++) {
         std::cout << "... Cut: "
                   << cutsMin[ivar]
                   << " < \""
                   << mcuts->GetInputVar(ivar)
                   << "\" <= "
                   << cutsMax[ivar] << std::endl;
      }
      std::cout << "--- -------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
   }
}

TFile *target  = new TFile( "TMVApp.root","RECREATE" );
if (Use["Likelihood"   ])   histLk     ->Write();
if (Use["LikelihoodD"  ])   histLkD    ->Write();
if (Use["LikelihoodPCA"])   histLkPCA  ->Write();
if (Use["LikelihoodKDE"])   histLkKDE  ->Write();
if (Use["LikelihoodMIX"])   histLkMIX  ->Write();
if (Use["PDERS"        ])   histPD     ->Write();
if (Use["PDERSD"       ])   histPDD    ->Write();
if (Use["PDERSPCA"     ])   histPDPCA  ->Write();
if (Use["KNN"          ])   histKNN    ->Write();
if (Use["HMatrix"      ])   histHm     ->Write();
if (Use["Fisher"       ])   histFi     ->Write();
if (Use["FisherG"      ])   histFiG    ->Write();
if (Use["BoostedFisher"])   histFiB    ->Write();
if (Use["LD"           ])   histLD     ->Write();
if (Use["MLP"          ])   histNn     ->Write();
if (Use["MLPBFGS"      ])   histNnbfgs ->Write();
if (Use["MLPBNN"       ])   histNnbnn  ->Write();
if (Use["CFMlpANN"     ])   histNnC    ->Write();
if (Use["TMlpANN"      ])   histNnT    ->Write();
if (Use["DNN_GPU"]) histDnnGpu->Write();
if (Use["DNN_CPU"]) histDnnCpu->Write();
if (Use["BDT"          ])   histBdt    ->Write();
if (Use["BDTG"         ])   histBdtG   ->Write();
if (Use["BDTB"         ])   histBdtB   ->Write();
if (Use["BDTD"         ])   histBdtD   ->Write();
if (Use["BDTF"         ])   histBdtF   ->Write();
if (Use["RuleFit"      ])   histRf     ->Write();
if (Use["SVM_Gauss"    ])   histSVMG   ->Write();
if (Use["SVM_Poly"     ])   histSVMP   ->Write();
if (Use["SVM_Lin"      ])   histSVML   ->Write();
if (Use["FDA_MT"       ])   histFDAMT  ->Write();
if (Use["FDA_GA"       ])   histFDAGA  ->Write();
if (Use["Category"     ])   histCat    ->Write();
if (Use["Plugin"       ])   histPBdt   ->Write();

if (Use["PDEFoam"]) { histPDEFoam->Write(); histPDEFoamErr->Write(); histPDEFoamSig->Write(); }

if (Use["Fisher"]) { if (probHistFi != 0) probHistFi->Write(); if (rarityHistFi != 0) rarityHistFi->Write(); }
target->Close();

std::cout << "--- Created root file: \"TMVApp.root\" containing the MVA output histograms" << std::endl;

delete reader;

std::cout << "==> TMVAClassificationApplication is done!" << std::endl << std::endl;