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import plotly
plotly.__version__
'2.7.0'
A scaterplot matrix is a matrix associated to n numerical arrays (data variables), $X_1,X_2,…,X_n$ , of the same length. The cell (i,j) of such a matrix displays the scater plot of the variable Xi versus Xj ,
The Plotly splom trace implementation for the scaterplot matrix does not require to set $x=Xi$ , and $y=Xj$, for each scatter plot. All arrays, $X_1,X_2,…,X_n$ , are passed once, through a list of dicts called dimensions, i.e. each array/variable represents a dimension.
A trace of type splom is defined as follows:
trace=go.Splom(dimensions=[dict(label='string-1',
values=X1),
dict(label='string-2',
values=X2),
.
.
.
dict(label='string-n',
values=Xn)],
text=text,
marker=dict(...)
)
The label in each dimension is assigned to the axes titles of the corresponding matrix cell.
text is either a unique string assigned to all points displayed by splom or a list of strings of the same length as the dimensions, $X_i$. The text[k] is the tooltip for the $k^{th}$ point in each cell.
marker sets the markers attributes in all scatter plots.
import plotly.graph_objs as go
import plotly.plotly as py
import plotly.tools as tls
import plotly.figure_factory as ff
import copy
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/plotly/datasets/master/iris-data.csv')
df_table = ff.create_table(df.head())
py.iplot(df_table, filename='iris-data-head')
The Iris dataset contains four data variables, sepal length, sepal width, petal length petal width, for 150 iris flowers. The flowers are labeled as Iris-setosa, Iris-versicolor, Iris-virginica.
Extract out the flower class:
classes=np.unique(df['class'].values).tolist()
classes
['Iris-setosa', 'Iris-versicolor', 'Iris-virginica']
Encode the three classes by 0, 1, 2:
class_code={classes[k]: k for k in range(3)}
class_code
{'Iris-setosa': 0, 'Iris-versicolor': 1, 'Iris-virginica': 2}
The splom associated to the four data variables is intended to illustrate the patterns of the relationship between pairs of variables for each class.
The points displayed in splom are colored according to their class:
color_vals=[class_code[cl] for cl in df['class']]
Define a discrete colorscale with three colors corresponding to the three flower classes:
pl_colorscale=[[0.0, '#19d3f3'],
[0.333, '#19d3f3'],
[0.333, '#e763fa'],
[0.666, '#e763fa'],
[0.666, '#636efa'],
[1, '#636efa']]
On hover over a particular point in a splom cell is displayed the corresponding iris class:
text=[df.loc[ k, 'class'] for k in range(len(df))]
trace1 = go.Splom(dimensions=[dict(label='sepal length',
values=df['sepal length']),
dict(label='sepal width',
values=df['sepal width']),
dict(label='petal length',
values=df['petal length']),
dict(label='petal width',
values=df['petal width'])],
text=text,
#default axes name assignment :
#xaxes= ['x1','x2', 'x3'],
#yaxes= ['y1', 'y2', 'y3'],
marker=dict(color=color_vals,
size=7,
colorscale=pl_colorscale,
showscale=False,
line=dict(width=0.5,
color='rgb(230,230,230)'))
)
axis = dict(showline=True,
zeroline=False,
gridcolor='#fff',
ticklen=4)
layout = go.Layout(
title='Iris Data set',
dragmode='select',
width=600,
height=600,
autosize=False,
hovermode='closest',
plot_bgcolor='rgba(240,240,240, 0.95)',
xaxis1=dict(axis),
xaxis2=dict(axis),
xaxis3=dict(axis),
xaxis4=dict(axis),
yaxis1=dict(axis),
yaxis2=dict(axis),
yaxis3=dict(axis),
yaxis4=dict(axis)
)
fig1 = dict(data=[trace1], layout=layout)
py.iplot(fig1, filename='splom-iris1')
The scatter plots on the principal diagonal can be removed by setting diagonal=dict(visible=False):
trace2 = copy.copy(trace1)
trace2['diagonal'].update(visible=False)
fig2 = dict(data=[trace2], layout=layout)
py.iplot(fig2, filename='splom-invisible-diagonal')
To plot only the lower/upper half of the splom we switch the default showlowerhalf=True/showupperhalf=True to False:
trace3 = copy.deepcopy(trace1)
trace3['showupperhalf']=False
fig3 = dict(data=[trace3], layout=layout)
py.iplot(fig3, filename='splom-showupperhalf')
Each dict in the list dimensions has a key, visible, set by default on True. We can choose to remove a variable from splom, by setting visible=False in its corresponding dimension. In this case the default grid associated to the scatterplot matrix keeps its number of cells, but the cells in the row and column corresponding to the visible false dimension are empty:
trace4 = copy.deepcopy(trace1)
trace4['dimensions'][2].update(visible=False)
fig4 = dict(data=[trace4], layout=layout)
py.iplot(fig4, filename='splom-invisible-custom-dimensions')
dfd = pd.read_csv('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/plotly/datasets/master/diabetes.csv')
df_table = ff.create_table(dfd.head())
py.iplot(df_table, filename='diabetes-head')
The diabetes file contains the diagnostic measures for 768 patients, that are labeled as non-diabetic (Outcome=0), respectively diabetic (Outcome=1). The splom associated to the 8 variables can illustrate the strength of the relationship between pairs of measures for diabetic/nondiabetic patients.
textd = ['non-diabetic' if cl==0 else 'diabetic' for cl in dfd['Outcome']]
color_vals = [0 if cl==0 else 1 for cl in dfd['Outcome']]
We define again a discrete colorscale with two colors: blue for non-diabetics and red for diabetics:
pl_colorscaled = [[0., '#119dff'],
[0.5, '#119dff'],
[0.5, '#ef553b'],
[1, '#ef553b']]
traced = go.Splom(dimensions=[dict(label='Pregnancies', values=dfd['Pregnancies']),
dict(label='Glucose', values=dfd['Glucose']),
dict(label='BloodPressure', values=dfd['BloodPressure']),
dict(label='SkinThickness', values=dfd['SkinThickness']),
dict(label='Insulin', values=dfd['Insulin']),
dict(label='BMI', values=dfd['BMI']),
dict(label='DiabPedigreeFun', values=dfd['DiabetesPedigreeFunction']),
dict(label='Age', values=dfd['Age'])],
marker=dict(color=color_vals,
size=5,
colorscale=pl_colorscaled,
line=dict(width=0.5,
color='rgb(230,230,230)') ),
text=textd,
diagonal=dict(visible=False))
axisd = dict(showline=False,
zeroline=False,
gridcolor='#fff',
ticklen=4,
titlefont=dict(size=13))
title = "Scatterplot Matrix (SPLOM) for Diabetes Dataset<br>Data source:"+\
" <a href='https://www.kaggle.com/uciml/pima-indians-diabetes-database/data'>[1]</a>"
layout = go.Layout(title=title,
dragmode='select',
width=1000,
height=1000,
autosize=False,
hovermode='closest',
plot_bgcolor='rgba(240,240,240, 0.95)',
xaxis1=dict(axisd),
xaxis2=dict(axisd),
xaxis3=dict(axisd),
xaxis4=dict(axisd),
xaxis5=dict(axisd),
xaxis6=dict(axisd),
xaxis7=dict(axisd),
xaxis8=dict(axisd),
yaxis1=dict(axisd),
yaxis2=dict(axisd),
yaxis3=dict(axisd),
yaxis4=dict(axisd),
yaxis5=dict(axisd),
yaxis6=dict(axisd),
yaxis7=dict(axisd),
yaxis8=dict(axisd))
fig = dict(data=[traced], layout=layout)
py.iplot(fig, filename='large')
from IPython.display import display, HTML
display(HTML('<link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:600,400,300,200|Inconsolata|Ubuntu+Mono:400,700" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />'))
display(HTML('<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://help.plot.ly/documentation/all_static/css/ipython-notebook-custom.css">'))
! pip install git+https://github.com/plotly/publisher.git --upgrade
import publisher
publisher.publish(
'splom.ipynb', 'python/splom/', 'Scatterplot Matrix',
'How to make scatterplot matrices or sploms natively in Python with Plotly.',
title = 'Python Scatterplot Matrix | Plotly',
has_thumbnail='true', thumbnail='thumbnail/splom_image.jpg',
redirect_from ='python/scatterplot-matrix/',
language='python',
display_as='statistical', order=10.2,
uses_plotly_offline=False)
Collecting git+https://github.com/plotly/publisher.git
Cloning https://github.com/plotly/publisher.git to /private/var/folders/tc/bs9g6vrd36q74m5t8h9cgphh0000gn/T/pip-req-build-c97H0N
Building wheels for collected packages: publisher
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for publisher ... done
Stored in directory: /private/var/folders/tc/bs9g6vrd36q74m5t8h9cgphh0000gn/T/pip-ephem-wheel-cache-8zdQdi/wheels/99/3e/a0/fbd22ba24cca72bdbaba53dbc23c1768755fb17b3af0f33966
Successfully built publisher
Installing collected packages: publisher
Found existing installation: publisher 0.11
Uninstalling publisher-0.11:
Successfully uninstalled publisher-0.11
Successfully installed publisher-0.11
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/nbconvert.py:13: ShimWarning: The `IPython.nbconvert` package has been deprecated since IPython 4.0. You should import from nbconvert instead. /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/publisher/publisher.py:53: UserWarning: Did you "Save" this notebook before running this command? Remember to save, always save.