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The EBSD and EBSDMasterPattern signals have a powerful and versatile plot() method provided by HyperSpy. Its uses are greatly detailed in HyperSpy's visualisation user guide. This section details example uses specific to EBSD and EBSDMasterPattern signals.
Let's import the necessary libraries and a Nickel EBSD test data set Ånes et al. (2019):
# Exchange inline for notebook or qt5 (from pyqt) for interactive plotting
%matplotlib inline
import hyperspy.api as hs
import kikuchipy as kp
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from orix import io, plot, quaternion, vector
import skimage.exposure as ske
import skimage.transform as skt
# Use kp.load("data.h5") to load your own data
s = kp.data.nickel_ebsd_large(allow_download=True) # External download
s
Correlating results from e.g. crystal and phase structure determination, i.e.
indexing, with experimental patterns can inform their interpretation. When
calling plot()
without any input parameters, the navigator map is a grey scale
image with pixel values corresponding to the sum of all detector intensities
within that pattern:
s.plot()
The upper panel shows the navigation axes, in this case 2D, with the current beam position in the upper left corner shown as a red square the size of one pixel. This square can be made larger/smaller with +/-. The square can be moved either by the keyboard arrows or the mouse. The lower panel shows the image on the detector in the current beam position.
Any
BaseSignal
signal with a 2D signal_shape
corresponding to the scan
navigation_shape
can be passed in to the navgiator
parameter in
plot(),
including a virtual image showing diffraction contrast, any quality metric map,
or an orientation map or a phase map.
A virtual backscatter electron (VBSE) image created from any detector region of
interest with the
get_virtual_bse_intensity()
method or
get_rgb_image()
explained in the
virtual backscatter electron imaging
section, can be used as a navigator for a scan s
:
vbse_gen = kp.generators.VirtualBSEGenerator(s)
print(vbse_gen)
print(vbse_gen.grid_shape)
vbse_rgb = vbse_gen.get_rgb_image(r=(3, 1), b=(3, 2), g=(3, 3))
vbse_rgb
s.plot(navigator=vbse_rgb, cmap="viridis")
Images made into a Signal2D can be used as navigators, like a quality metric map like the image quality map calculated using get_image_quality():
s.remove_static_background()
s.remove_dynamic_background()
iq = s.get_image_quality()
s_iq = hs.signals.Signal2D(iq)
s.plot(navigator=s_iq, scalebar=False)
We can obtain an RGB signal from an RGB image using get_rgb_navigator(). Let's load an orientation map from dictionary indexing in the pattern matching user guide
rgb_z = plt.imread("../_static/image/visualizing_patterns/ni_large_rgb_z.png")
rgb_z = rgb_z[..., :3] # Drop the alpha channel
s_rgb_z = kp.draw.get_rgb_navigator(rgb_z)
s.plot(navigator=s_rgb_z, colorbar=False)
HyperSpy provides the function plot_signals() to plot multiple signals with the same navigator, as explained in their user guide. This enables e.g. plotting of experimental and best matching simulated patterns side-by-side as a visual inspection of indexing results. See the pattern matching user guide for a demonstration.
EBSDMasterPattern signals can be navigated along their energy axis and/or the their northern/southern hemisphere. Let's reload the Nickel master pattern used in the previous section, but this time in the stereographic projection.
# Only a single energy, 20 keV
mp_stereo = kp.data.nickel_ebsd_master_pattern_small(
projection="stereographic", hemisphere="both"
)
print(mp_stereo.axes_manager)
As can be seen from the axes manager, the master pattern has two navigation axes, a north and south hemisphere, thus, when plotting, we get a slider as a navigator when plotting:
mp_stereo.plot()