Quantum Error Correction
Imports¶
In [1]:
%matplotlib inline
In [9]:
from IPython.display import display
In [2]:
from sympy import init_printing
init_printing(use_latex=True)
In [3]:
from sympy import sqrt, symbols, Rational
from sympy import expand, Eq, Symbol, simplify, exp, sin
from sympy.physics.quantum import *
from sympy.physics.quantum.qubit import *
from sympy.physics.quantum.gate import *
from sympy.physics.quantum.grover import *
from sympy.physics.quantum.qft import QFT, IQFT, Fourier
from sympy.physics.quantum.circuitplot import circuit_plot
5 qubit code
In [4]:
M0 = Z(1)*X(2)*X(3)*Z(4)
M0
Out[4]:
$$Z_{1} X_{2} X_{3} Z_{4}$$
In [5]:
M1 = Z(2)*X(3)*X(4)*Z(0)
M1
Out[5]:
$$Z_{2} X_{3} X_{4} Z_{0}$$
In [6]:
M2 = Z(3)*X(4)*X(0)*Z(1)
M2
Out[6]:
$$Z_{3} X_{4} X_{0} Z_{1}$$
In [7]:
M3 = Z(4)*X(0)*X(1)*Z(2)
M3
Out[7]:
$$Z_{4} X_{0} X_{1} Z_{2}$$
These operators should mutually commute.
In [8]:
gate_simp(Commutator(M0,M1).doit())
Out[8]:
$$0$$
And square to the identity.
In [10]:
for o in [M0,M1,M2,M3]:
display(gate_simp(o*o))
$$1$$
$$1$$
$$1$$
$$1$$
Codewords
In [11]:
zero = Rational(1,4)*(1+M0)*(1+M1)*(1+M2)*(1+M3)*IntQubit(0, 5)
zero
Out[11]:
$$\frac{1}{4} \left(1 + Z_{1} X_{2} X_{3} Z_{4}\right) \left(1 + Z_{2} X_{3} X_{4} Z_{0}\right) \left(1 + Z_{3} X_{4} X_{0} Z_{1}\right) \left(1 + Z_{4} X_{0} X_{1} Z_{2}\right) {\left|0\right\rangle }$$
In [12]:
qapply(4*zero)
Out[12]:
$${\left|0\right\rangle } + {\left|3\right\rangle } - {\left|5\right\rangle } + {\left|6\right\rangle } - {\left|9\right\rangle } - {\left|10\right\rangle } + {\left|12\right\rangle } - {\left|15\right\rangle } + {\left|17\right\rangle } - {\left|18\right\rangle } - {\left|20\right\rangle } - {\left|23\right\rangle } + {\left|24\right\rangle } - {\left|27\right\rangle } - {\left|29\right\rangle } - {\left|30\right\rangle }$$
In [13]:
one = Rational(1,4)*(1+M0)*(1+M1)*(1+M2)*(1+M3)*IntQubit(2**5-1, 5)
one
Out[13]:
$$\frac{1}{4} \left(1 + Z_{1} X_{2} X_{3} Z_{4}\right) \left(1 + Z_{2} X_{3} X_{4} Z_{0}\right) \left(1 + Z_{3} X_{4} X_{0} Z_{1}\right) \left(1 + Z_{4} X_{0} X_{1} Z_{2}\right) {\left|31\right\rangle }$$
In [14]:
qapply(4*one)
Out[14]:
$$- {\left|1\right\rangle } - {\left|2\right\rangle } - {\left|4\right\rangle } + {\left|7\right\rangle } - {\left|8\right\rangle } - {\left|11\right\rangle } - {\left|13\right\rangle } + {\left|14\right\rangle } - {\left|16\right\rangle } + {\left|19\right\rangle } - {\left|21\right\rangle } - {\left|22\right\rangle } + {\left|25\right\rangle } - {\left|26\right\rangle } + {\left|28\right\rangle } + {\left|31\right\rangle }$$
The encoding circuit
In [15]:
encoding_circuit = H(3)*H(4)*CNOT(2,0)*CNOT(3,0)*CNOT(4,0)*H(1)*H(4)*\
CNOT(2,1)*CNOT(4,1)*H(2)*CNOT(3,2)*CNOT(4,2)*H(3)*\
H(4)*CNOT(4, 3)*Z(4)*H(4)*Z(4)
In [17]:
circuit_plot(encoding_circuit, nqubits=5, scale=0.5);
In [18]:
represent(4*encoding_circuit, nqubits=5)
Out[18]:
$$\left[\begin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc}1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0\\0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1\\0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1\\1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0\\0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1\\-1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0\\1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0\\0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1\\0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1\\-1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0\\-1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0\\0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1\\1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0\\0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1\\0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1\\-1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0\\0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1\\1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0\\-1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0\\0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1\\-1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0\\0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1\\0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1\\-1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0\\1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0\\0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1\\0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1\\-1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0\\0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1\\-1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0\\-1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0\\0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 & -1\end{array}\right]$$