Example of Fine-tuning 176 billion Bloom with 8-bit weights¶

!pip install transformers==4.20.1
!pip install bitsandbytes-cuda110
!pip install datasets

import transformers

import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch import nn
from torch.cuda.amp import custom_fwd, custom_bwd

from bitsandbytes.functional import quantize_blockwise, dequantize_blockwise

from tqdm.auto import tqdm

class FrozenBNBLinear(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, weight, absmax, code, bias=None):
        assert isinstance(bias, nn.Parameter) or bias is None
        super().__init__()
        self.out_features, self.in_features = weight.shape
        self.register_buffer("weight", weight.requires_grad_(False))
        self.register_buffer("absmax", absmax.requires_grad_(False))
        self.register_buffer("code", code.requires_grad_(False))
        self.adapter = None
        self.bias = bias
 
    def forward(self, input):
        output = DequantizeAndLinear.apply(input, self.weight, self.absmax, self.code, self.bias)
        if self.adapter:
            output += self.adapter(input)
        return output
 
    @classmethod
    def from_linear(cls, linear: nn.Linear) -> "FrozenBNBLinear":
        weights_int8, state = quantize_blockise_lowmemory(linear.weight)
        return cls(weights_int8, *state, linear.bias)
 
    def __repr__(self):
        return f"{self.__class__.__name__}({self.in_features}, {self.out_features})"
 
 
class DequantizeAndLinear(torch.autograd.Function): 
    @staticmethod
    @custom_fwd
    def forward(ctx, input: torch.Tensor, weights_quantized: torch.ByteTensor,
                absmax: torch.FloatTensor, code: torch.FloatTensor, bias: torch.FloatTensor):
        weights_deq = dequantize_blockwise(weights_quantized, absmax=absmax, code=code)
        ctx.save_for_backward(input, weights_quantized, absmax, code)
        ctx._has_bias = bias is not None
        return F.linear(input, weights_deq, bias)
 
    @staticmethod
    @custom_bwd
    def backward(ctx, grad_output: torch.Tensor):
        assert not ctx.needs_input_grad[1] and not ctx.needs_input_grad[2] and not ctx.needs_input_grad[3]
        input, weights_quantized, absmax, code = ctx.saved_tensors
        # grad_output: [*batch, out_features]
        weights_deq = dequantize_blockwise(weights_quantized, absmax=absmax, code=code)
        grad_input = grad_output @ weights_deq
        grad_bias = grad_output.flatten(0, -2).sum(dim=0) if ctx._has_bias else None
        return grad_input, None, None, None, grad_bias
 
 
class FrozenBNBEmbedding(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, weight, absmax, code):
        super().__init__()
        self.num_embeddings, self.embedding_dim = weight.shape
        self.register_buffer("weight", weight.requires_grad_(False))
        self.register_buffer("absmax", absmax.requires_grad_(False))
        self.register_buffer("code", code.requires_grad_(False))
        self.adapter = None
 
    def forward(self, input, **kwargs):
        with torch.no_grad():
            # note: both quantuized weights and input indices are *not* differentiable
            weight_deq = dequantize_blockwise(self.weight, absmax=self.absmax, code=self.code)
            output = F.embedding(input, weight_deq, **kwargs)
        if self.adapter:
            output += self.adapter(input)
        return output 
 
    @classmethod
    def from_embedding(cls, embedding: nn.Embedding) -> "FrozenBNBEmbedding":
        weights_int8, state = quantize_blockise_lowmemory(embedding.weight)
        return cls(weights_int8, *state)
 
    def __repr__(self):
        return f"{self.__class__.__name__}({self.num_embeddings}, {self.embedding_dim})"
 
 
def quantize_blockise_lowmemory(matrix: torch.Tensor, chunk_size: int = 2 ** 20):
    assert chunk_size % 4096 == 0
    code = None
    chunks = []
    absmaxes = []
    flat_tensor = matrix.view(-1)
    for i in range((matrix.numel() - 1) // chunk_size + 1):
        input_chunk = flat_tensor[i * chunk_size: (i + 1) * chunk_size].clone()
        quantized_chunk, (absmax_chunk, code) = quantize_blockwise(input_chunk, code=code)
        chunks.append(quantized_chunk)
        absmaxes.append(absmax_chunk)
 
    matrix_i8 = torch.cat(chunks).reshape_as(matrix)
    absmax = torch.cat(absmaxes)
    return matrix_i8, (absmax, code)


def convert_to_int8(model):
    """Convert linear and embedding modules to 8-bit with optional adapters"""
    for module in list(model.modules()):
        for name, child in module.named_children():
            if isinstance(child, nn.Linear):
                print(name, child)
                setattr( 
                    module,
                    name,
                    FrozenBNBLinear(
                        weight=torch.zeros(child.out_features, child.in_features, dtype=torch.uint8),
                        absmax=torch.zeros((child.weight.numel() - 1) // 4096 + 1),
                        code=torch.zeros(256),
                        bias=child.bias,
                    ),
                )
            elif isinstance(child, nn.Embedding):
                setattr(
                    module,
                    name,
                    FrozenBNBEmbedding(
                        weight=torch.zeros(child.num_embeddings, child.embedding_dim, dtype=torch.uint8),
                        absmax=torch.zeros((child.weight.numel() - 1) // 4096 + 1),
                        code=torch.zeros(256),
                    )
                )

class BloomBlock(transformers.models.bloom.modeling_bloom.BloomBlock):
    def __init__(self, config, layer_number=None):
        super().__init__(config, layer_number)

        convert_to_int8(self.self_attention)
        convert_to_int8(self.mlp)


class BloomModel(transformers.models.bloom.modeling_bloom.BloomModel):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__(config)
        convert_to_int8(self)
        

class BloomForCausalLM(transformers.models.bloom.modeling_bloom.BloomForCausalLM):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__(config)
        convert_to_int8(self)
        
transformers.models.bloom.modeling_bloom.BloomBlock = BloomBlock

from transformers import BloomForCausalLM 
tokenizer = transformers.AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained('joaoalvarenga/bloom-8bit')
device = 'cuda' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'cpu'
model = BloomForCausalLM.from_pretrained('joaoalvarenga/bloom-8bit', low_cpu_mem_usage=True)
device = 'cuda' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'cpu'
model.to(device)

def add_adapters(model, adapter_dim=16):
    assert adapter_dim > 0

    for module in model.modules():
        if isinstance(module, FrozenBNBLinear):
            module.adapter = nn.Sequential(
                nn.Linear(module.in_features, adapter_dim, bias=False),
                nn.Linear(adapter_dim, module.out_features, bias=False),
            )
            nn.init.zeros_(module.adapter[1].weight)
        elif isinstance(module, FrozenBNBEmbedding):
            module.adapter = nn.Sequential(
                nn.Embedding(module.num_embeddings, adapter_dim),
                nn.Linear(adapter_dim, module.embedding_dim, bias=False),
            )
            nn.init.zeros_(module.adapter[1].weight)

add_adapters(model)
model.to(device)

from datasets import load_dataset
from bitsandbytes.optim import Adam8bit

model.gradient_checkpointing_enable()

wikisql = load_dataset("wikisql", streaming=True)
optimizer = Adam8bit(model.parameters(), lr=1e-5)

with torch.cuda.amp.autocast():
    for row in tqdm(wikisql['train']):

        batch = tokenizer(row['question'] + row['sql']['human_readable'], truncation=True, max_length=128, return_tensors='pt')
        batch = {k: v.cuda() for k, v in batch.items()}

        out = gpt.forward(**batch,)

        loss = F.cross_entropy(out.logits[:, :-1, :].flatten(0, -2), batch['input_ids'][:, 1:].flatten(),
                               reduction='mean')
        print(loss)
        loss.backward()

        optimizer.step()
        optimizer.zero_grad()

model.save_pretrained('bloom-8bit-fine-tuned')